Forensic Taphonomy and Entomology in Post-Mortem Interval Estimation: A Multidisciplinary Framework for Criminal Investigation
The estimation of the Post-Mortem Interval (PMI) remains one of the most formidable challenges of forensic science. The myriads of environmental variables that can influence decomposition encompasses this conflict. This presentation explores the critical synergy between forensic taphonomy and entomology, arguing that a multidisciplinary framework is necessary for achievement of high-precision timeline generation within criminal investigation. Beginning with a historical analysis of the 1935 Ruxton and 2002 Westerfield cases, it illustrates the foundational role that entomological evidence may play in securing legal convictions. The discussion transitions into the mechanics of decomposition, detailing both physical and chemical progression from autolysis and putrefaction to skeletonization. Key quantitative methodologies are examined, including Total Body Score (TBS), Accumulated Degree Days (ADD), and the analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Additionally, the stable isotopes within the Cadaver Decomposition Island (CI). Furthermore, this presentation highlights the precision offered by necrophagous insect succession and colonization, specifically discussing members of the Calliphoridae and Coleoptera families as indicators of the minimum PMI (mPMI). Through the synthesis of qualitative taphonomic and quantitative entomological data along with soil chemistry, investigators can mitigate environmental confounding factors such as indoor microclimates and physical barriers. This capstone concludes that the future of forensic precision is determined by the integration of overlapping clocks, supported by modernized technology like hyper-spectral imaging, to result in a holistic, legally robust reconstruction of death events.
BIOL 499, Senior Capstone
Paul Allee
11 – 11:25 AM
Goodrich 104